noncompressible calcified vessel meaning

Because of the retrospective nature of the current study, informed written consent for participation was not obtained from patients and data were analyzed anonymously.Īmong the potential subjects, 712 patients were excluded due to ABI values 1.4 in both legs, or > 1.4 in one leg and 1.0–1.4 in the other ( Fig 1).Īll-cause death was defined as any death recorded during the follow-up period. The study protocol was performed in accordance with the ethical guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Ethics Committee of Shinshu University School of Medicine. The present study was registered with the University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN-CTR), as accepted by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (UMIN-ID 000020276). Clinical, demographic, laboratory, and follow-up data were collated from hospital records or by contacting patients and their family. The IMPACT-ABI study was a retrospective cohort study that enrolled 3,131 consecutive patients who were admitted to Shinshu University for cardiovascular disease and examined by ABI between January 2005 and December 2012. The current study was performed using integrated data from the impressive predictive value of ABI for clinical long-term outcomes in patients with cardiovascular disease examined by ABI (IMPACT-ABI) study.

Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate (1) the characteristics of patients with high ABI and (2) the association between a high ABI value and future cardiovascular events and mortality. As stated, the baseline characteristics and prognosis of patients with high ABI compared with those with normal ABI values remain largely unknown.

However, high ABI was not associated with cardiovascular mortality and cardiovascular events in multivariate analysis in the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS). In the Strong Heart Study (SHS), which was a large-scale prospective study, high ABI was strongly associated with total and cardiovascular mortality. Previous studies have reported the association of high ABI and cardiovascular mortality and morbidity.

Therefore, the association between elevated ABI values and prevalent disease remains controversial. demonstrated that individuals with high ABI values were not characterized by a more adverse atherosclerosis risk factor profile, including diabetes mellitus. reported a strong association between diabetes mellitus and high ABI. While the majority of previous studies have focused on patients with low ABI and excluded patients with high ABI, a few studies have evaluated the baseline characteristics and outcomes in patients with high ABI.

High ABI values typically indicate arterial medial calcification, which is very common in patients with diabetes mellitus and end-stage chronic kidney disease. According to the latest ACCF/AHA guidelines for the management of patients with PAD, ABI values between 1.00 and 1.40 are within the normal range, and values > 1.4 indicate non-compressible arteries. The ankle-brachial index (ABI) is a simple and useful method that provides information on the presence of PAD. Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a well-established predictor of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality and morbidity.

Noncompressible calcified vessel meaning